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Four in ten Pakistanis aged 10 and over cannot read and write

The 2023 census counted 60.7% of people aged 10 and over as able to read and write. The other 39.3% could not.

What stands out

The national figure hides wide gaps, from 84.0% literacy in Islamabad to 42.0% in Balochistan.

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Four in ten Pakistanis aged 10 and over cannot read and write. 39.3% of people aged 10 and over could not read and write in the 2023 census. Visual by PakStats.

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Source and methodology

Population and Housing Census 2023 Table 12: literacy and out-of-school population · Updated 15 September 2026

Literacy is the census answer for people aged 10 and over who can read and write. It is not a reading test.

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